Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol 10, 210-218, Copyright © 1992 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Conventional-dose salvage combination chemotherapy in patients relapsing with Hodgkin's disease after combination chemotherapy: the low probability for cure
DL Longo, PL Duffey, RC Young, SM Hubbard, DC Ihde, E Glatstein, JC Phares, ES Jaffe, WJ Urba and VT DeVita Jr
Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD.
PURPOSE: The study was undertaken to evaluate clinical prognostic factors,
probability of response to therapy, duration of response, and overall
survival of patients with Hodgkin's disease relapsing from a
chemotherapy-induced complete remission. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Study
population comprised 107 patients with Hodgkin's disease treated with
combination chemotherapy at the National Cancer Institute who relapsed
after achieving a complete remission. RESULTS: Half of the relapses
occurred within the first year of achieving complete remission; among
patients in remission 5 years or longer, only 4% relapsed. The overall
survival of the relapsed patients is projected to be 17% at 20 years,
calculated from the date of relapse. Primary treatment regimen, presence of
B symptoms, stage, sex, liver involvement, pleural involvement, marrow
involvement, and histologic subtype did not affect the survival of relapsed
patients. Only age at diagnosis (older or younger than 30 years) and length
of initial remission (shorter or longer than 1 year) made a significant
impact on survival. Patients whose initial remission was longer than 1 year
had significantly higher complete response rates to salvage therapy,
significantly more durable second remissions, and significantly longer
survival than patients whose initial remission was shorter than 1 year.
Survival beyond 11 years from relapse of patients with long initial
remissions was 24%; for those with short initial remissions, 11% (P2 =
.027). Despite the fact that with salvage therapy, patients with long
initial remission had an 85% complete response rate to mechlorethamine,
vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone (MOPP) with a disease-free
survival of 45% at 20 years, acute leukemia and other treatment-related
complications combined to lower the survival rate of this more favorable
subset. CONCLUSIONS: These data with conventional-dose salvage therapy
provide results for comparison with novel salvage approaches including
myeloablative therapy with autologous marrow or peripheral-blood stem- cell
support.
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