Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol 15, 938-946, Copyright © 1997 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Liver resection for colorectal metastases
Y Fong, AM Cohen, JG Fortner, WE Enker, AD Turnbull, DG Coit, AM Marrero, M Prasad, LH Blumgart and MF Brennan
Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA. FongY@msKcc.org
PURPOSE: More than 50,000 patients in the United States will present each
year with liver metastases from colorectal cancers. The current study was
performed to determine if liver resection for colorectal metastases is safe
and effective and to evaluate predictors of outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Data for 456 consecutive resections performed between July 1985 and
December 1991 in a tertiary referral center were analyzed. RESULTS: The
perioperative mortality rate was 2.8%, with a mortality rate of 4.6% for
resections that involved a lobectomy or more. The median hospital stay was
12 days and only 9% of patients were admitted to the intensive care unit.
The 5-year survival rate is 38%, with a median survival duration of 46
months. By univariate analysis, nodal status of the primary lesion, short
disease-free interval before detection of liver metastases,
carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level greater than 200 ng/mL, multiple liver
tumors, extrahepatic disease, large tumors, or positive resection margin
was predictive of poorer outcome. Sex, age greater than 70 years, site of
primary tumor, or perioperative transfusion was not predictive of outcome.
By multivariate analysis, positive margin, size greater than 10 cm,
disease-free interval less than 12 months, multiple tumors, and
extrahepatic disease were independent predictors of poorer outcome. Short
disease-free interval or multiple tumors were nevertheless associated with
a 5-year survival rate greater than 24%. CONCLUSION: Liver resection for
colorectal metastases is safe and effective therapy and currently
represents the only potentially curative therapy for metastatic colorectal
cancer. The only absolute contraindication to resection is extrahepatic
disease. A randomized trial to examine efficacy of surgical resection
cannot ethically be performed. Liver resection should be considered
standard therapy for all fit patients with colorectal metastases isolated
to the liver.
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