Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol 16, 93-100, Copyright © 1998 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Primary chemotherapy in operable breast cancer: eight-year experience at the Milan Cancer Institute
G Bonadonna, P Valagussa, C Brambilla, L Ferrari, A Moliterni, M Terenziani and M Zambetti
Department of Medicine, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy. bonadonna@istitutotumori.mi.it
PURPOSE: Primary chemotherapy was administered to patients with tumors that
measured > or = 2.5 cm in largest diameter to decrease the size of the
primary tumor and allow for effective local and distant control while
avoiding mastectomy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Two prospective nonrandomized
studies were performed that used different regimens of primary chemotherapy
followed by breast-sparing surgery in the presence of objective tumor
remission. Additional postoperative chemotherapy was given to women at high
risk of disease relapse. The median follow-up duration was 65 months.
RESULTS: A total of 536 assessable patients were enrolled, and the main
characteristics were fairly comparable between the two trials. Following
primary chemotherapy, 85% of patients could be subjected to breast-sparing
surgery; in 14 patients (3%), surgical specimens failed to show any
residual neoplastic cell. In the final multivariate analysis, the
histologically assessed extent of axillary node involvement (P < .001),
as well as degree of response to primary chemotherapy (P = .034),
represented the significant variables able to influence 8-year relapse-free
survival. In women subjected to a breast-conserving approach, the
cumulative risk of local relapse as first event alone was 6.8% (95%
confidence interval, 3.9% to 8.8%). CONCLUSION: Current findings indicate
that primary chemotherapy can be safely administered in women with large
tumors (>5.0 cm) and can allow breast-sparing surgery in a high fraction
of patients (62%). However, to assess effectively the worthiness of this
approach on long-term results, properlyconceived large randomized studies
with newer and more effective drug regimens are warranted.
This article has been cited by other articles:

|
 |

|
 |
 
F. Penault-Llorca, C. Abrial, I. Raoelfils, P. Chollet, A. Cayre, M.-A. Mouret-Reynier, E. Thivat, F. Mishellany, P. Gimbergues, and X. Durando
Changes and Predictive and Prognostic Value of the Mitotic Index, Ki-67, Cyclin D1, and Cyclo-oxygenase-2 in 710 Operable Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Oncologist,
December 1, 2008;
13(12):
1235 - 1245.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
C. F. J. M. Peeters, R. M. W. de Waal, T. Wobbes, and T. J. M. Ruers
Metastatic Dormancy Imposed by the Primary Tumor: Does it Exist in Humans?
Ann. Surg. Oncol.,
November 1, 2008;
15(11):
3308 - 3315.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
A. Berruti, M. P. Brizzi, D. Generali, M. Ardine, L. Dogliotti, P. Bruzzi, and A. Bottini
Presurgical Systemic Treatment of Nonmetastatic Breast Cancer: Facts and Open Questions
Oncologist,
November 1, 2008;
13(11):
1137 - 1148.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
M.-L. W. Ah-See, A. Makris, N. J. Taylor, M. Harrison, P. I. Richman, R. J. Burcombe, J. J. Stirling, J. A. d'Arcy, D. J. Collins, M. R. Pittam, et al.
Early Changes in Functional Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging Predict for Pathologic Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Primary Breast Cancer
Clin. Cancer Res.,
October 15, 2008;
14(20):
6580 - 6589.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
J. S. Jeruss, E. A. Mittendorf, S. L. Tucker, A. M. Gonzalez-Angulo, T. A. Buchholz, A. A. Sahin, J. N. Cormier, A. U. Buzdar, G. N. Hortobagyi, and K. K. Hunt
Staging of Breast Cancer in the Neoadjuvant Setting
Cancer Res.,
August 15, 2008;
68(16):
6477 - 6481.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
P. Gimbergues, C. Abrial, X. Durando, G. Le Bouedec, F. Cachin, F. Penault-Llorca, M. A. Mouret-Reynier, F. Kwiatkowski, J. Maublant, A. Tchirkov, et al.
Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Is Accurate in Breast Cancer Patients with a Clinically Negative Axillary Nodal Status at Presentation
Ann. Surg. Oncol.,
May 1, 2008;
15(5):
1316 - 1321.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
P. Rastogi, S. J. Anderson, H. D. Bear, C. E. Geyer, M. S. Kahlenberg, A. Robidoux, R. G. Margolese, J. L. Hoehn, V. G. Vogel, S. R. Dakhil, et al.
Preoperative Chemotherapy: Updates of National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project Protocols B-18 and B-27
J. Clin. Oncol.,
February 10, 2008;
26(5):
778 - 785.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
J. R. Gralow, H. J. Burstein, W. Wood, G. N. Hortobagyi, L. Gianni, G. von Minckwitz, A. U. Buzdar, I. E. Smith, W. F. Symmans, B. Singh, et al.
Preoperative Therapy in Invasive Breast Cancer: Pathologic Assessment and Systemic Therapy Issues in Operable Disease
J. Clin. Oncol.,
February 10, 2008;
26(5):
814 - 819.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
J. S. Jeruss, E. A. Mittendorf, S. L. Tucker, A. M. Gonzalez-Angulo, T. A. Buchholz, A. A. Sahin, J. N. Cormier, A. U. Buzdar, G. N. Hortobagyi, and K. K. Hunt
Combined Use of Clinical and Pathologic Staging Variables to Define Outcomes for Breast Cancer Patients Treated With Neoadjuvant Therapy
J. Clin. Oncol.,
January 10, 2008;
26(2):
246 - 252.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
W. F. Symmans, F. Peintinger, C. Hatzis, R. Rajan, H. Kuerer, V. Valero, L. Assad, A. Poniecka, B. Hennessy, M. Green, et al.
Measurement of Residual Breast Cancer Burden to Predict Survival After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
J. Clin. Oncol.,
October 1, 2007;
25(28):
4414 - 4422.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
B Brenner, M. Shah, M. Karpeh, M Gonen, M. Brennan, D. Coit, D. Klimstra, L. Tang, and D. Kelsen
A phase II trial of neoadjuvant cisplatin-fluorouracil followed by postoperative intraperitoneal floxuridine-leucovorin in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer
Ann. Onc.,
September 1, 2006;
17(9):
1404 - 1411.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
H. D. Bear, S. Anderson, R. E. Smith, C. E. Geyer Jr, E. P. Mamounas, B. Fisher, A. M. Brown, A. Robidoux, R. Margolese, M. S. Kahlenberg, et al.
Sequential Preoperative or Postoperative Docetaxel Added to Preoperative Doxorubicin Plus Cyclophosphamide for Operable Breast Cancer: National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project Protocol B-27
J. Clin. Oncol.,
May 1, 2006;
24(13):
2019 - 2027.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
N. Tinari, R. Lattanzio, C. Natoli, E. Cianchetti, D. Angelucci, E. Ricevuto, C. Ficorella, P. Marchetti, S. Alberti, M. Piantelli, et al.
Changes of Topoisomerase II{alpha} Expression in Breast Tumors after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Predicts Relapse-Free Survival
Clin. Cancer Res.,
March 1, 2006;
12(5):
1501 - 1506.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
L. Gianni, J. Baselga, W. Eiermann, V. Guillem Porta, V. Semiglazov, A. Lluch, M. Zambetti, D. Sabadell, G. Raab, A. Llombart Cussac, et al.
Feasibility and Tolerability of Sequential Doxorubicin/Paclitaxel Followed by Cyclophosphamide, Methotrexate, and Fluorouracil and Its Effects on Tumor Response as Preoperative Therapy
Clin. Cancer Res.,
December 15, 2005;
11(24):
8715 - 8721.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
Y. Xu, L. Yao, T. Ouyang, J. Li, T. Wang, Z. Fan, B. Lin, Y. Lu, and Y. Xie
p53 Codon 72 Polymorphism Predicts the Pathologic Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Breast Cancer
Clin. Cancer Res.,
October 15, 2005;
11(20):
7328 - 7333.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
L. Gianni, M. Zambetti, K. Clark, J. Baker, M. Cronin, J. Wu, G. Mariani, J. Rodriguez, M. Carcangiu, D. Watson, et al.
Gene Expression Profiles in Paraffin-Embedded Core Biopsy Tissue Predict Response to Chemotherapy in Women With Locally Advanced Breast Cancer
J. Clin. Oncol.,
October 10, 2005;
23(29):
7265 - 7277.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
H. Bonnefoi
'Small' randomised neo-adjuvant chemotherapy trials in breast cancer reporting on pathological response: more harm than good?
Ann. Onc.,
September 1, 2005;
16(9):
1407 - 1410.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
L. A. Carey, R. Metzger, E. C. Dees, F. Collichio, C. I. Sartor, D. W. Ollila, N. Klauber-DeMore, J. Halle, L. Sawyer, D. T. Moore, et al.
American Joint Committee on Cancer Tumor-Node-Metastasis Stage After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Breast Cancer Outcome
J Natl Cancer Inst,
August 3, 2005;
97(15):
1137 - 1142.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
S. C. Partridge, J. E. Gibbs, Y. Lu, L. J. Esserman, D. Tripathy, D. S. Wolverton, H. S. Rugo, E. S. Hwang, C. A. Ewing, and N. M. Hylton
MRI Measurements of Breast Tumor Volume Predict Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Recurrence-Free Survival
Am. J. Roentgenol.,
June 1, 2005;
184(6):
1774 - 1781.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
J. Hannemann, H. M. Oosterkamp, C. A.J. Bosch, A. Velds, L. F.A. Wessels, C. Loo, E. J. Rutgers, S. Rodenhuis, and M. J. van de Vijver
Changes in Gene Expression Associated With Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer
J. Clin. Oncol.,
May 20, 2005;
23(15):
3331 - 3342.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
T.R. J. Evans, A. Yellowlees, E. Foster, H. Earl, D. A. Cameron, A. W. Hutcheon, R. E. Coleman, T. Perren, C. J. Gallagher, M. Quigley, et al.
Phase III Randomized Trial of Doxorubicin and Docetaxel Versus Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide As Primary Medical Therapy in Women With Breast Cancer: An Anglo-Celtic Cooperative Oncology Group Study
J. Clin. Oncol.,
May 1, 2005;
23(13):
2988 - 2995.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
M. Cristofanilli, A. Gonzalez-Angulo, N. Sneige, S.-W. Kau, K. Broglio, R. L. Theriault, V. Valero, A. U. Buzdar, H. Kuerer, T. A. Buccholz, et al.
Invasive Lobular Carcinoma Classic Type: Response to Primary Chemotherapy and Survival Outcomes
J. Clin. Oncol.,
January 1, 2005;
23(1):
41 - 48.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
V. Dieras, P. Fumoleau, G. Romieu, M. Tubiana-Hulin, M. Namer, L. Mauriac, J.-P. Guastalla, E. Pujade-Lauraine, P. Kerbrat, P. Maillart, et al.
Randomized Parallel Study of Doxorubicin Plus Paclitaxel and Doxorubicin Plus Cyclophosphamide As Neoadjuvant Treatment of Patients With Breast Cancer
J. Clin. Oncol.,
December 15, 2004;
22(24):
4958 - 4965.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
O. Modlich, H.-B. Prisack, M. Munnes, W. Audretsch, and H. Bojar
Immediate Gene Expression Changes After the First Course of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Primary Breast Cancer Disease
Clin. Cancer Res.,
October 1, 2004;
10(19):
6418 - 6431.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
J. Shen, V. Valero, T. A. Buchholz, S. E. Singletary, F. C. Ames, M. I. Ross, M. Cristofanilli, G. V. Babiera, F. Meric-Bernstam, B. Feig, et al.
Effective Local Control and Long-Term Survival in Patients with T4 Locally Advanced Breast Cancer Treated with Breast Conservation Therapy
Ann. Surg. Oncol.,
September 1, 2004;
11(9):
854 - 860.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
M. S. Mano and A. Awada
Primary chemotherapy for breast cancer: the evidence and the future
Ann. Onc.,
August 1, 2004;
15(8):
1161 - 1171.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
A. M. Chen, F. Meric-Bernstam, K. K. Hunt, H. D. Thames, M. J. Oswald, E. D. Outlaw, E. A. Strom, M. D. McNeese, H. M. Kuerer, M. I. Ross, et al.
Breast Conservation After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: The M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Experience
J. Clin. Oncol.,
June 15, 2004;
22(12):
2303 - 2312.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
L. G. Estevez and W. J. Gradishar
Evidence-Based Use of Neoadjuvant Taxane in Operable and Inoperable Breast Cancer
Clin. Cancer Res.,
May 15, 2004;
10(10):
3249 - 3261.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
I. E. Smith, R. P. A'Hern, G. A. Coombes, A. Howell, S. R. Ebbs, T. F. Hickish, M. E. R. O'Brien, J. L. Mansi, C. B. Wilson, A. C. Robinson, et al.
A novel continuous infusional 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy regimen compared with conventional chemotherapy in the neo-adjuvant treatment of early breast cancer: 5 year results of the TOPIC trial
Ann. Onc.,
May 1, 2004;
15(5):
751 - 758.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
H. D. Bear
In Reply:
J. Clin. Oncol.,
May 1, 2004;
22(9):
1766 - 1767.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
T. Shenkier, L. Weir, M. Levine, I. Olivotto, T. Whelan, and L. Reyno
Clinical practice guidelines for the care and treatment of breast cancer: 15. Treatment for women with stage III or locally advanced breast cancer
Can. Med. Assoc. J.,
March 16, 2004;
170(6):
983 - 994.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
A. Ring, A. Webb, S. Ashley, W.H. Allum, S. Ebbs, G. Gui, N.P. Sacks, G. Walsh, and I.E. Smith
Is Surgery Necessary After Complete Clinical Remission Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Early Breast Cancer?
J. Clin. Oncol.,
December 15, 2003;
21(24):
4540 - 4545.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
H. D. Bear, S. Anderson, A. Brown, R. Smith, E. P. Mamounas, B. Fisher, R. Margolese, H. Theoret, A. Soran, D. L. Wickerham, et al.
The Effect on Tumor Response of Adding Sequential Preoperative Docetaxel to Preoperative Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide: Preliminary Results From National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project Protocol B-27
J. Clin. Oncol.,
November 15, 2003;
21(22):
4165 - 4174.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
G. Ganem, M. Tubiana-Hulin, P. Fumoleau, M. Combe, J.-L. Misset, J.-M. Vannetzel, T. Bachelot, L. R. De Ybarlucea, V. Lotz, B. Bendahmane, et al.
Phase II trial combining docetaxel and doxorubicin as neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with operable breast cancer
Ann. Onc.,
November 1, 2003;
14(11):
1623 - 1628.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
D. N. Danforth Jr, K. Cowan, R. Altemus, M. Merino, C. Chow, A. Berman, U. Chaudhry, C. Shriver, S. M. Steinberg, and J. Zujewski
Preoperative FLAC/Granulocyte-Colony-Stimulating Factor Chemotherapy for Stage II Breast Cancer: A Prospective Randomized Trial
Ann. Surg. Oncol.,
July 1, 2003;
10(6):
635 - 644.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
M. Kaufmann, G. von Minckwitz, R. Smith, V. Valero, L. Gianni, W. Eiermann, A. Howell, S. D. Costa, P. Beuzeboc, M. Untch, et al.
International Expert Panel on the Use of Primary (Preoperative) Systemic Treatment of Operable Breast Cancer: Review and Recommendations
J. Clin. Oncol.,
July 1, 2003;
21(13):
2600 - 2608.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
H. D. Bear
Earlier Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer: Perhaps Too Late But Still Useful
Ann. Surg. Oncol.,
May 1, 2003;
10(4):
334 - 335.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
G. Mustacchi, R. Ceccherini, S. Milani, A. Pluchinotta, A. De Matteis, L. Maiorino, A. Farris, A. Scanni, and F. Sasso
Tamoxifen alone versus adjuvant tamoxifen for operable breast cancer of the elderly: long-term results of the phase III randomized controlled multicenter GRETA trial
Ann. Onc.,
March 1, 2003;
14(3):
414 - 420.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
S. C. Formenti, M. Volm, K. A. Skinner, D. Spicer, D. Cohen, E. Perez, A. C. Bettini, S. Groshen, C. Gee, B. Florentine, et al.
Preoperative Twice-Weekly Paclitaxel With Concurrent Radiation Therapy Followed by Surgery and Postoperative Doxorubicin-Based Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer: A Phase I/II Trial
J. Clin. Oncol.,
March 1, 2003;
21(5):
864 - 870.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
L. G. Estevez, J. M. Cuevas, A. Anton, J. Florian, J. M. Lopez-Vega, A. Velasco, F. Lobo, A. Herrero, and J. Fortes
Weekly Docetaxel as Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Stage II and III Breast Cancer: Efficacy and Correlation with Biological Markers in a Phase II, Multicenter Study
Clin. Cancer Res.,
February 1, 2003;
9(2):
686 - 692.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
G. Bonadonna, M. Zambetti, C. Bumma, M. Donadio, A. Bolognesi, G. Robustelli della Cuna, G. Ambrosini, G. Lelli, M. Mansutti, P. Verderio, et al.
Multimodal treatment with primary single-agent epirubicin in operable breast cancer: 5-year experience of the Michelangelo Cooperative Group
Ann. Onc.,
July 1, 2002;
13(7):
1049 - 1058.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
M. Parton, S. Krajewski, I. Smith, M. Krajewska, C. Archer, M. Naito, R. Ahern, J. Reed, and M. Dowsett
Coordinate Expression of Apoptosis-associated Proteins in Human Breast Cancer before and during Chemotherapy
Clin. Cancer Res.,
July 1, 2002;
8(7):
2100 - 2108.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
A. C. Wolff and N. E. Davidson
Preoperative Therapy in Breast Cancer: Lessons from the Treatment of Locally Advanced Disease
Oncologist,
June 1, 2002;
7(3):
239 - 245.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
K. I. Bland
Utilization of Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping to Determine Pathologic Outcomes for Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced Breast Cancer
Ann. Surg. Oncol.,
April 1, 2002;
9(3):
217 - 219.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
V. Stearns, C. A. Ewing, R. Slack, M. F. Penannen, D. F. Hayes, and T. N. Tsangaris
Sentinel Lymphadenectomy After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer May Reliably Represent the Axilla Except for Inflammatory Breast Cancer
Ann. Surg. Oncol.,
April 1, 2002;
9(3):
235 - 242.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
T. A. Buchholz, S. L. Tucker, L. Masullo, H. M. Kuerer, J. Erwin, J. Salas, D. Frye, E. A. Strom, M. D. McNeese, G. Perkins, et al.
Predictors of Local-Regional Recurrence After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Mastectomy Without Radiation
J. Clin. Oncol.,
January 1, 2002;
20(1):
17 - 23.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
J. A. van der Hage, C. J.H. van de Velde, J.-P. Julien, M. Tubiana-Hulin, C. Vandervelden, and L. Duchateau
Preoperative Chemotherapy in Primary Operable Breast Cancer: Results From the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Trial 10902
J. Clin. Oncol.,
November 15, 2001;
19(22):
4224 - 4237.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
S. Demaria, M. D. Volm, R. L. Shapiro, H. T. Yee, R. Oratz, S. C. Formenti, F. Muggia, and W. F. Symmans
Development of Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes in Breast Cancer after Neoadjuvant Paclitaxel Chemotherapy
Clin. Cancer Res.,
October 1, 2001;
7(10):
3025 - 3030.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
R. Rouzier, J.-M. Extra, M. Carton, M.-C. Falcou, A. Vincent-Salomon, A. Fourquet, P. Pouillart, and E. Bourstyn
Primary Chemotherapy for Operable Breast Cancer: Incidence and Prognostic Significance of Ipsilateral Breast Tumor Recurrence After Breast-Conserving Surgery
J. Clin. Oncol.,
September 15, 2001;
19(18):
3828 - 3835.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
G. von Minckwitz, S. D. Costa, G. Raab, J.-U. Blohmer, H. Eidtmann, J. Hilfrich, E. Merkle, C. Jackisch, G. Gademann, A. H. Tulusan, et al.
Dose-Dense Doxorubicin, Docetaxel, and Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Support With or Without Tamoxifen as Preoperative Therapy in Patients With Operable Carcinoma of the Breast: A Randomized, Controlled, Open Phase IIb Study
J. Clin. Oncol.,
August 1, 2001;
19(15):
3506 - 3515.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
W. F. Symmans, M. D. Volm, R. L. Shapiro, A. B. Perkins, A. Y. Kim, S. Demaria, H. T. Yee, H. McMullen, R. Oratz, P. Klein, et al.
Paclitaxel-induced Apoptosis and Mitotic Arrest Assessed by Serial Fine-Needle Aspiration: Implications for Early Prediction of Breast Cancer Response to Neoadjuvant Treatment
Clin. Cancer Res.,
December 1, 2000;
6(12):
4610 - 4617.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
P. Pedrazzoli, A. S. Bianchi, M. Renga, and S. Siena
Re: Randomized Trial of High-Dose Chemotherapy and Blood Cell Autografts for High-Risk Primary Breast Carcinoma
J Natl Cancer Inst,
August 2, 2000;
92(15):
1271 - 1272.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
A. Bottini, A. Berruti, A. Bersiga, M. P. Brizzi, A. Brunelli, G. Gorzegno, B. DiMarco, S. Aguggini, G. Bolsi, F. Cirillo, et al.
p53 but not bcl-2 Immunostaining Is Predictive of Poor Clinical Complete Response to Primary Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer Patients
Clin. Cancer Res.,
July 1, 2000;
6(7):
2751 - 2758.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
A. C. Wolff and N. E. Davidson
Primary Systemic Therapy in Operable Breast Cancer
J. Clin. Oncol.,
April 7, 2000;
18(7):
1558 - 1569.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
I. C. Smith, A. E. Welch, A. W. Hutcheon, I. D. Miller, S. Payne, F. Chilcott, S. Waikar, T. Whitaker, A. K. Ah-See, O. Eremin, et al.
Positron Emission Tomography Using [18F]-Fluorodeoxy-D-Glucose to Predict the Pathologic Response of Breast Cancer to Primary Chemotherapy
J. Clin. Oncol.,
April 1, 2000;
18(8):
1676 - 1688.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|
|