Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol 16, 3246-3256, Copyright © 1998 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Maximum-tolerated dose, toxicity, and efficacy of (131)I-Lym-1 antibody for fractionated radioimmunotherapy of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
GL DeNardo, SJ DeNardo, DS Goldstein, LA Kroger, KR Lamborn, NB Levy, JP McGahan, Q Salako, S Shen and JP Lewis
Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, USA. gldenardo@ucdavis.edu
PURPOSE: Lym-1, a monoclonal antibody that preferentially targets malignant
lymphocytes, has induced remissions in patients with non- Hodgkin's
lymphoma (NHL) when labeled with iodine 131 ((131)I). Based on the strategy
of fractionating the total dose, this study was designed to define the
maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) and efficacy of the first two, of a maximum of
four, doses of (131)I-Lym-1 given 4 weeks apart. Additionally, toxicity and
radiation dosimetry were assessed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty patients
with advanced NHL entered the study a total of 21 times. Thirteen (62%) of
the 21 entries had diffuse large-cell histologies. All patients had disease
resistant to standard therapy and had received a mean of four chemotherapy
regimens. (131)I- Lym-1 was given after Lym-1 and (131)I was escalated in
cohorts of patients from 40 to 100 mCi (1.5 to 3.7 GBq)/m2 body surface
area. RESULTS: Mean radiation dose to the bone marrow from body and blood
(131)I was 0.34 (range, 0. 1 6 to 0.63) rad/mCi (0.09 mGy/MBq; range, 0.04
to 0.17 mGy/ MBq). Dose-limiting toxicity was grade 3 to 4 thrombocytopenia
with an MTD of 100 mCi/m2 (3.7 GBq/m2) for each of the first two doses of
(131)I-Lym-1 given 4 weeks apart. Nonhematologic toxicities did not exceed
grade 2 except for one instance of grade 3 hypotension. Ten (71 %) of 14
entries who received at least two doses of (131)I-Lym-1 therapy and 11
(52%) of 21 total entries responded. Seven of the responses were complete,
with a mean duration of 14 months. All three entries in the 100 mCi/m2 (3.7
MBq/m2) cohort had complete remissions (CRs). All responders had at least a
partial remission (PR) after the first therapy dose of (131)I-Lym-1.
CONCLUSION: (131)I-Lym-1 induced durable remissions in patients with NHL
resistant to chemotherapy and was associated with acceptable toxicity. The
nonmyeloablative MTD for each of the first two doses of (131)I-Lym-1 was
100 mCi/m2 (total, 200 mCi/m2) (3.7 GBq/m2; total, 7.4 GBq/m2).
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