Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol 16, 593-602, Copyright © 1998 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Long-term pamidronate treatment of advanced multiple myeloma patients reduces skeletal events. Myeloma Aredia Study Group
JR Berenson, A Lichtenstein, L Porter, MA Dimopoulos, R Bordoni, S George, A Lipton, A Keller, O Ballester, M Kovacs, H Blacklock, R Bell, JF Simeone, DJ Reitsma, M Heffernan, J Seaman and RD Knight
West Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Medical Center and the Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, 90073, USA. berenson.james@west-la.va.gov
PURPOSE: To determine the efficacy and safety of 21 monthly cycles of
pamidronate therapy in patients with advanced multiple myeloma. PATIENTS
AND METHODS: Patients with stage III myeloma and at least one lytic lesion
received either placebo or pamidronate 90 mg intravenously administered as
a 4-hour infusion monthly for 21 cycles. At study entry, the patients were
stratified according to whether they were to receive first-line (stratum 1)
or second-line (stratum 2) antimyeloma chemotherapy. Skeletal events
(pathologic fracture, radiation or surgery to bone, and spinal cord
compression) and hypercalcemia were assessed monthly. RESULTS: The results
of the first nine previously reported cycles are extended to 21 cycles. Of
the 392 randomized patients, efficacy could be evaluated in 198 who
received pamidronate and 179 who received placebo. After 21 cycles, the
proportion of patients who developed any skeletal event was lower in the
pamidronate- group (P = .015). The mean number of skeletal events per year
was less in the pamidronate-group (1.3) than in placebo-treated patients
(2.2; P = .008). Although survival was not different between the
pamidronate- treated group and placebo patients overall, stratum 2 patients
who received pamidronate lived longer than those who received placebo (14 v
21 months, P = .041). Pamidronate was safe and well tolerated during the 21
cycles of therapy. CONCLUSION: Long-term monthly infusions of pamidronate
as an adjunct to chemotherapy are superior to chemotherapy alone in
reducing skeletal events in stage III multiple myeloma patients, and may
improve the survival of patients on salvage therapy.
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