Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol 16, 2417-2425, Copyright © 1998 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Sequence analysis of BRCA1 and BRCA2: correlation of mutations with family history and ovarian cancer risk
TS Frank, SA Manley, OI Olopade, S Cummings, JE Garber, B Bernhardt, K Antman, D Russo, ME Wood, L Mullineau, C Isaacs, B Peshkin, S Buys, V Venne, PT Rowley, S Loader, K Offit, M Robson, H Hampel, D Brener, EP Winer, S Clark, B Weber, LC Strong and A Thomas
Myriad Genetic Laboratories, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA. tfrank@myriad.com
PURPOSE: Previous studies of mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 have used
detection methods that may underestimate the actual frequency of mutations
and have analyzed women using heterogeneous criteria for risk of hereditary
cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 238 women with breast cancer
before age 50 or ovarian cancer at any age and at least one first- or
second-degree relative with either diagnosis underwent sequence analysis of
BRCA1 followed by analysis of BRCA2 (except for 27 women who declined
analysis of BRCA2 after a deleterious mutation was discovered in BRCA1).
Results were correlated with personal and family history of malignancy.
RESULTS: Deleterious mutations were identified in 94 (39%) women, including
59 of 117 (50%) from families with ovarian cancer and 35 of 121 (29%) from
families without ovarian cancer. Mutations were identified in 14 of 70
(20%) women with just one other relative who developed breast cancer before
age 50. In women with breast cancer, mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 were
associated with a 10- fold increased risk of subsequent ovarian carcinoma
(P = .005). CONCLUSION: Because mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 in women with
breast cancer are associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer,
analysis of these genes should be considered for women diagnosed with
breast cancer who have a high probability of carrying a mutation according
to the statistical model developed with these data.
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