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Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol 26, No 14 (May 10), 2008: pp. 2419-a-2420 © 2008 American Society of Clinical Oncology. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2008.16.4871
In ReplyHerlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark We thank Drs Lee and Ang for their comments on our recent meta-analysis, where we tested the association of CHEK2*1100delC heterozygosity and risk of breast cancer among women of Northern- and Eastern European descent.1 Apart from those studies included in our meta-analysis, the frequency has been determined in 17 other studies (Table 1).2-18 Studies in Asian patients with breast cancer have not reported any CHEK2*1100delC carriers, and thus no association between the variant and risk of breast cancer has been established, as pointed out by Drs Lee and Ang. The CHEK2*1100delC carrier frequencies vary between 0% and 1% among patients with breast cancer from these studies, with the highest prevalence in Russian patients.7 The absence or rarity of the CHEK2*1100delC heterozygosity among patients with breast cancer in these populations underlines the importance of considering ethnic background before offering a genetic test. We agree with Drs Lee and Ang that indeed, genetic testing for CHEK2*1100delC is only warranted in women of Northern and Eastern European descent. In these women CHEK2*1100delC heterozygosity is an important breast cancer risk factor, a predictor of adverse prognosis, and of poorer survival.1,19 In the relevant populations, CHEK2*1100delC genotyping should therefore be offered to all women with familial history of breast cancer and to women with breast cancer.
AUTHORS DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST The author(s) indicated no potential conflicts of interest.
REFERENCES
1. Weischer M, Bojesen SE, Ellervik C, et al: CHEK2*1100delC genotyping for clinical assessment of breast cancer risk: Meta-analyses of 26,000 patient cases and 27,000 controls. J Clin Oncol 26:542-548, 2008 2. Ang P, Lim IH, Lee TC, et al: BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in an Asian clinic-based population detected using a comprehensive strategy. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 16:2276-2284, 2007 3. Bell DW, Kim SH, Godwin AK, et al: Genetic and functional analysis of CHEK2 (CHK2) variants in multiethnic cohorts. Int J Cancer 121:2661-2667, 2007[CrossRef][Medline] 4. Bellosillo B, Tusquets I, Longaron R, et al: Absence of CHEK2 mutations in Spanish families with hereditary breast cancer. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 161:93-95, 2005[CrossRef][Medline] 5. Bernstein JL, Teraoka SN, John EM, et al: The CHEK2*1100delC allelic variant and risk of breast cancer: Screening results from the Breast Cancer Family Registry. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 15:348-352, 2006 6. Caligo MA, Agata S, Aceto G, et al: The CHEK2 c. 1100delC mutation plays an irrelevant role in breast cancer predisposition in Italy. Hum Mutat 24:100-101, 2004[CrossRef][Medline] 7. Chekmariova EV, Sokolenko AP, Buslov KG, et al: CHEK2 1100delC mutation is frequent among Russian breast cancer patients. Breast Cancer Res Treat 100:99-102, 2006[CrossRef][Medline] 8. Choi DH, Cho DY, Lee MH, et al: The CHEK2 1100delC mutation is not present in Korean patients with breast cancer cases tested for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation. Breast Cancer Res Treat [epub ahead of print on January 3, 2008] 9. Friedrichsen DM, Malone KE, Doody DR, et al: Frequency of CHEK2 mutations in a population based, case-control study of breast cancer in young women. Breast Cancer Res 6:R629–R635, 2004[CrossRef][Medline] 10. Gonzalez-Hormazabal P, Castro VG, Blanco R, et al: Absence of CHEK2 1100delC mutation in familial breast cancer cases from a South American population. Breast Cancer Res Treat [epub ahead of print on September 18, 2007] 11. Jekimovs CR, Chen X, Arnold J, et al: Low frequency of CHEK2 1100delC allele in Australian multiple-case breast cancer families: Functional analysis in heterozygous individuals. Br J Cancer 92:784-790, 2005[CrossRef][Medline] 12. Laitman Y, Kaufman B, Lahad EL, et al: Germline CHEK2 mutations in Jewish Ashkenazi women at high risk for breast cancer. Isr Med Assoc J 9:791-796, 2007[Medline] 13. Martinez-Bouzas C, Beristain E, Guerra I, et al: CHEK2 1100delC is present in familial breast cancer cases of the Basque Country. Breast Cancer Res Treat 103:111-113, 2007[CrossRef][Medline] 14. Offit K, Pierce H, Kirchhoff T, et al: Frequency of CHEK2*1100delC in New York breast cancer cases and controls. BMC Med Genet 4:1-4, 2003[Medline] 15. Osorio A, Rodriguez-Lopez R, Diez O, et al: The breast cancer low-penetrance allele 1100delC in the CHEK2 gene is not present in Spanish familial breast cancer population. Int J Cancer 108:54-56, 2004[CrossRef][Medline] 16. Rajkumar T, Soumittra N, Nancy NK, et al: BRCA1, BRCA2 and CHEK2 (1100 del C) germline mutations in hereditary breast and ovarian cancer families in South India Asian Pac. J Cancer Prev 4:203-208, 2003 17. Song CG, Hu Z, Yuan WT, et al: CHEK2 c. 1100delC may not contribute to genetic background of hereditary breast cancer from Shanghai of China. Zhonghua Yi Xue Yi Chuan Xue Za Zhi 23:443-445, 2006[Medline] 18. The CHEK2 Breast Cancer Consortium: CHEK2*1100delC and susceptibility to breast cancer: A collaborative analysis involving 10,860 breast cancer cases and 9,065 controls from 10 studies. Am J Hum Genet 74:1175-1182, 2004[CrossRef][Medline] 19. Schmidt MK, Tollenaar RA, de Kemp SR, et al: Breast cancer survival and tumor characteristics in premenopausal women carrying the CHEK2*1100delC germline mutation. J Clin Oncol 25:64-69, 2007 Related Correspondence
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Copyright © 2008 by the American Society of Clinical Oncology, Online ISSN: 1527-7755. Print ISSN: 0732-183X
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